Budhha ka ihlokbaad:- Gautam Budhha ke darshan ka ek bdaa sidhant hai “ihlokbaad” ka sidhant. Budhha ke samkaleen jo bhi darshnik the ve sabhi “parlokbaad” ka samarthan karte the. Parlokbaad ke sidhant mein btaya gya h ke vyakti ko sadev parlok gaman ki ashaa rakhni chahiye.vyakti ko chahiye ke vo esi hi cheeje kare jis se unhe moksh ki prapti kar sake. Is sidhant ke dushprabhav ye h ke isme vyakti itne parlokbaadi ho jaate hai ke is Lok ki vilkul parvah nhi karte,aur is Lok mein bina kuchh achhe karma kiye parlok ki ichha m jeevan nikal dete h. Is parlokbaadi soch ka Budhha virodh krte hai aur ihlokbaad ka sidhant ka palan ke liye kahte h. Parlokbaad se vilkul ulat is sidhant mein Budhha kahte hai ke vyakti ko chaiye ke vo samjhe ke parlok Marne ke baad hota hai us se pahle Jo h vo h ye Lok. Arthat vyakti ko is Lok ko dhyaan m rakh kar karma karne chaiye. Ihlokbaad ka sidhant aaj Kal ke vishva m kaafi prachalit h,yaani aaj ke samay vyakti kebal is lok ki hi soch raha h Parlok ki use j
John rawls ne 1950 mein lekhan aarambh kiya
aur unka taatvik roop se pahla vichaar 1957 mein ‘nyaya uchitta ke roop mein’
prakashit hua.
Unhone haward university mein adhyapan ka
karya karte karte 1971 mein apni pahli book “a theory of justice” likhi. Is book ko
likhne ke baad hi unhe vo ijjjat mili jiske baad ve nyaay ko lekar kaafi
prashidh ho gye.is book ke baad unhone kai rachnaaye likhi jaise,
·
1993 mein political liberalism
· 1999 mein collected papers aur the law of people
·
2001 mein unki dusri book justice as fairness a restatement.
Aur 2001 mein prakashit unki aakhri book ke saath hi 24 november 2002 ko
unka dehant ho gya.pr unke vichar aur nyay ke unke sidhant hamesha amar rahege
aur unke saath amar rahege john rawls.
Rawls ka nyay sidhant:-
John rawles ne apne nyay ke sidhant mein btaya hai ki nyay ko karne ka
ekmaatra tareeka hai ke ham khud ko us paristhiti me rakhkar dekhe tab jaakar
ham sahi nyay kr sakege.
Ab kalpana kare kare ke bhartiya sambhidaan me nyam bnaye jaa rahe hai aur
niyam ban rahe hai schedule cast ki esthiti ko lekar,aur aap bhi vaha maujood
hai,toh jara soche ke aap kese niyam banayege ke schedule caste ke sabhi logo
ke sath nyay ho!
Rawls isi prashna ka uttar sujhate hai aur “agyaanta ke aabran”ki baat krate hai.ve
tark dete hai ke agar koi vyakti nyay karne se pahle agyanta ke aabran se dhak
jaaye arthat us vyakti ko na pata chale ke jis samaj ke liye vo niyam bna raha hai usi samaj me uski esthithi kharab hai yaa sahi aur
na use ye maloom ho ke vo uchi jaati ka hai yaa nimn jaati ka, toh us samay
vyakti apni sabse buri esthithi ko dhyaan mein rakhkar niyam bnaayega.
Iske vipreet agar vyakti agyaani nhi hai aur use apni eshtihi ka vodh hai
toh uske niyam kebal apne liye hi achche hoge auro ke liye nhi….
Yaani ke agar sambhidan me schedule caste ke liye niyam banane hai toh
pahle khud ko us paristhithi me rakhna hoga aur bhulna hoga ke abhi aap kyaa h.
rawl sujhate hai ke niyam hamesha
samajeek nyay ko sochkar banana chahiye.niyam ese ho jisse samaj ke har tabke
ke saath nyay ho.yahi unke nyay ke sidhant hai.
टिप्पणियाँ
एक टिप्पणी भेजें