Budhha ka ihlokbaad:- Gautam Budhha ke darshan ka ek bdaa sidhant hai “ihlokbaad” ka sidhant. Budhha ke samkaleen jo bhi darshnik the ve sabhi “parlokbaad” ka samarthan karte the. Parlokbaad ke sidhant mein btaya gya h ke vyakti ko sadev parlok gaman ki ashaa rakhni chahiye.vyakti ko chahiye ke vo esi hi cheeje kare jis se unhe moksh ki prapti kar sake. Is sidhant ke dushprabhav ye h ke isme vyakti itne parlokbaadi ho jaate hai ke is Lok ki vilkul parvah nhi karte,aur is Lok mein bina kuchh achhe karma kiye parlok ki ichha m jeevan nikal dete h. Is parlokbaadi soch ka Budhha virodh krte hai aur ihlokbaad ka sidhant ka palan ke liye kahte h. Parlokbaad se vilkul ulat is sidhant mein Budhha kahte hai ke vyakti ko chaiye ke vo samjhe ke parlok Marne ke baad hota hai us se pahle Jo h vo h ye Lok. Arthat vyakti ko is Lok ko dhyaan m rakh kar karma karne chaiye. Ihlokbaad ka sidhant aaj Kal ke vishva m kaafi prachalit h,yaani aaj ke samay vyakti kebal is lok ki hi soch raha h Parlok ki use j
john Rawls 20vi sadi k eek mahaan daarshnik the.unka janam 21 february 1921 me hua tha.unhone apne jeevan bhar me anek pustake likhi jo ki amuman nyay ko lekar hi likhi gyi thi. Rawls bachpan se hi saamajik samasyayo ko samajhne me ruchi rakhte the,jiska parinaam hua ke unhone saamajik nyay ko khud bakhuvi se samjha apitu auro ko bhi nyay ki avdharna ke bare me btaya. John rawls ne 1950 mein lekhan aarambh kiya aur unka taatvik roop se pahla vichaar 1957 mein ‘nyaya uchitta ke roop mein’ prakashit hua. Unhone haward university mein adhyapan ka karya karte karte 1971 mein apni pahli book “ a theory of justice ” likhi . Is book ko likhne ke baad hi unhe vo ijjjat mili jiske baad ve nyaay ko lekar kaafi prashidh ho gye.is book ke baad unhone kai rachnaaye likhi jaise, · 1993 mein political liberalism · 1999 mein collected papers aur the law of people · 2001 mein unki dusri book justice as fairness a restatement . Aur 2001 mein prakashit unki aakhri
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